CVE-2023-0456Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthorized backend access via skipped JWT verification

Published Sep 27, 2023 · Updated Sep 24, 2024

Improper authorization in APIcast's OIDC module allows remote attackers to access protected API backends with a JWT from another realm. A missing JWK is dereferenced before token verification, and the resulting error skips the remaining policy stage instead of rejecting the request. OIDC must be configured with separate realms; with routing enabled, the invalid token reaches the upstream and can expose or alter protected data.

CVSS severity7.4
High
EPSS probability0.64%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper authorization in APIcast's OIDC module allows remote attackers to access protected API backends with a JWT from another realm. A missing JWK is dereferenced before token verification, and the resulting error skips the remaining policy stage instead of rejecting the request. OIDC must be configured with separate realms; with routing enabled, the invalid token reaches the upstream and can expose or alter protected data.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0456
Published
Sep 27, 2023
Updated
Sep 24, 2024
Vendor
389 Directory Server
Product
Red Hat 3scale API Management
Classifications
CWE-285, CWE-862, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 27, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 24, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected versions are unavailable in this record. Check the vendor advisory for version and patch details.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

389 Directory Server · Red Hat 3scale API ManagementAffected versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.4Red Hat, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
7.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-285Improper Authorization
CWE-862Missing Authorization
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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