CVE-2023-0399Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Stored XSS via unescaped shortcode attributes

Published Apr 3, 2023 · Updated Feb 14, 2025

Stored XSS in Image Over Image for WPBakery Page Builder before 3.0 allows remote authenticated users to inject scripts via shortcodes. The image_over_image_vc shortcode renders the ioi_caption_url, ioi_image_effect, and ioi_url_target attributes without validation or output escaping. Contributor-level access is required to save a crafted post or page, and the injected script runs when another user views that content.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.47%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in Image Over Image for WPBakery Page Builder before 3.0 allows remote authenticated users to inject scripts via shortcodes. The image_over_image_vc shortcode renders the ioi_caption_url, ioi_image_effect, and ioi_url_target attributes without validation or output escaping. Contributor-level access is required to save a crafted post or page, and the injected script runs when another user views that content.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0399
Published
Apr 3, 2023
Updated
Feb 14, 2025
Vendor
vcaddon
Product
Image Over Image for WPBakery Page Builder
Classifications
CWE-79, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 14, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

vcaddon · Image Over Image for WPBakery Page Builderversion=0 <3.0

Published CVSS scores

5.4NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.4WordfenceCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1059.007JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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