CVE-2023-0395Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Contributor-level stored XSS via unescaped shortcode options

Published Mar 27, 2023 · Updated Feb 19, 2025

Stored XSS in Nirmal Bhagwani menu shortcode 1.0 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to run scripts through crafted shortcodes. The plugin returns shortcode block options to page content without validating or escaping them, allowing a crafted location attribute to become executable script. Contributor access is sufficient to store the payload, and a visitor must open the injected page; the demonstrated vector targets older Safari browsers.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.46%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in Nirmal Bhagwani menu shortcode 1.0 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to run scripts through crafted shortcodes. The plugin returns shortcode block options to page content without validating or escaping them, allowing a crafted location attribute to become executable script. Contributor access is sufficient to store the payload, and a visitor must open the injected page; the demonstrated vector targets older Safari browsers.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0395
Published
Mar 27, 2023
Updated
Feb 19, 2025
Vendor
Nirmal Bhagwani
Product
menu shortcode
Classifications
CWE-79, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 27, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Feb 19, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <=1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Nirmal Bhagwani · menu shortcodeversion=0 <=1.0

Published CVSS scores

5.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1059.007Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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