CVE-2023-0169Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Stored script execution via unescaped shortcode attributes

Published Feb 13, 2023 · Updated Mar 21, 2025

Stored XSS in the Zoho Forms WordPress plugin before 3.0.1 allows remote authenticated users to inject scripts through shortcode attributes. The zohoForms shortcode outputs its src attribute into page markup without validating the value or escaping it for the HTML attribute context. Contributor access is sufficient to save a crafted post, and the script executes when another user previews or visits that post.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability1.65%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in the Zoho Forms WordPress plugin before 3.0.1 allows remote authenticated users to inject scripts through shortcode attributes. The zohoForms shortcode outputs its src attribute into page markup without validating the value or escaping it for the HTML attribute context. Contributor access is sufficient to save a crafted post, and the script executes when another user previews or visits that post.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0169
Published
Feb 13, 2023
Updated
Mar 21, 2025
Vendor
Zoho
Product
Zoho Forms
Classifications
CWE-79, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 13, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 21, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <3.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Zoho · Zoho Formsversion=0 <3.0.1

Published CVSS scores

5.4CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1059.007Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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