CVE-2023-0028Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Browser script execution via unsanitized link schemes

Published Jan 1, 2023 · Updated Apr 9, 2025

Stored XSS in LINAGORA Twake before 2023.Q1.1200+ allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript through crafted links. Frontend link renderers pass stored message, preview, and integration URLs directly to anchor href attributes without removing javascript schemes. A highly privileged account must store the link and another user must open it, enabling script execution in that user's browser context.

CVSS severity5.7
Medium
EPSS probability56.02%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Stored XSS in LINAGORA Twake before 2023.Q1.1200+ allows remote authenticated users to execute JavaScript through crafted links. Frontend link renderers pass stored message, preview, and integration URLs directly to anchor href attributes without removing javascript schemes. A highly privileged account must store the link and another user must open it, enabling script execution in that user's browser context.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0028
Published
Jan 1, 2023
Updated
Apr 9, 2025
Vendor
LINAGORA
Product
Twake
Classifications
CWE-79, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 1, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <2023.Q1.1200+

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

LINAGORA · Twakeversion=unspecified <2023.Q1.1200+

Published CVSS scores

5.4NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.7huntr.devCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1204.001Malicious Link

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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