CVE-2023-0012

Privilege escalation via replaceable privileged executables

Published Jan 10, 2023 · Updated Apr 9, 2025

Improper access control in SAP Host Agent 7.21 and 7.22 for Windows allows local users in SAP_LocalAdmin to execute privileged code. The SAP_LocalAdmin group can replace agent executables with malicious files that a privileged service account later starts. Exploitation requires prior compromise because Windows security policy denies members of this group local logon by default, and successful replacement runs attacker-controlled code with the service account's privileges.

CVSS severity6.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.20%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper access control in SAP Host Agent 7.21 and 7.22 for Windows allows local users in SAP_LocalAdmin to execute privileged code. The SAP_LocalAdmin group can replace agent executables with malicious files that a privileged service account later starts. Exploitation requires prior compromise because Windows security policy denies members of this group local logon by default, and successful replacement runs attacker-controlled code with the service account's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0012
Published
Jan 10, 2023
Updated
Apr 9, 2025
Vendor
SAP SE
Product
SAP Host Agent
Classifications
CWE-284, T1574.010
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 10, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 9, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=7.21
  2. Affected versionversion=7.22

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

SAP SE · SAP Host Agentversion=7.21; version=7.22

Published CVSS scores

6.7NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.4SAP SECVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-284Improper Access Control
T1574.010Services File Permissions Weakness

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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