CVE-2023-0010Network attack vector

Browser script execution via crafted Captive Portal link

Published Jun 14, 2023 · Updated Dec 30, 2024

Reflected XSS in the PAN-OS Captive Portal allows remote attackers to execute JavaScript in an authenticated user's browser through a crafted link. Palo Alto Networks has not disclosed which request field is reflected or which escaping operation fails before Captive Portal authentication content is rendered. Exposure requires Captive Portal authentication; on PAN-OS 10.0 and later, default token generation must also be disabled, and the user must open the crafted link.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.38%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Reflected XSS in the PAN-OS Captive Portal allows remote attackers to execute JavaScript in an authenticated user's browser through a crafted link. Palo Alto Networks has not disclosed which request field is reflected or which escaping operation fails before Captive Portal authentication content is rendered. Exposure requires Captive Portal authentication; on PAN-OS 10.0 and later, default token generation must also be disabled, and the user must open the crafted link.

The record

CVE
CVE-2023-0010
Published
Jun 14, 2023
Updated
Dec 30, 2024
Vendor
Palo Alto Networks
Product
PAN-OS
Classifications
CWE-79, T1204.001, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 14, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Dec 30, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0 <10.0.11 changes=[{"at":"10.0.11","status":"unaffected"}]
  2. Affected versionversion=10.1 <10.1.6 changes=[{"at":"10.1.6","status":"unaffected"}]
  3. Affected versionversion=10.2 <10.2.2 changes=[{"at":"10.2.2","status":"unaffected"}]
  4. Affected versionversion=8.1 <8.1.24 changes=[{"at":"8.1.24","status":"unaffected"}]
  5. Affected versionversion=9.0 <9.0.17 changes=[{"at":"9.0.17","status":"unaffected"}]
  6. Affected versionversion=9.1 <9.1.16 changes=[{"at":"9.1.16","status":"unaffected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Palo Alto Networks · PAN-OSversion=10.0 <10.0.11 changes=[{"at":"10.0.11","status":"unaffected"}]; version=10.1 <10.1.6 changes=[{"at":"10.1.6","status":"unaffected"}]; version=10.2 <10.2.2 changes=[{"at":"10.2.2","status":"unaffected"}]; version=8.1 <8.1.24 changes=[{"at":"8.1.24","status":"unaffected"}]; version=9.0 <9.0.17 changes=[{"at":"9.0.17","status":"unaffected"}]; version=9.1 <9.1.16 changes=[{"at":"9.1.16","status":"unaffected"}]

Published CVSS scores

5.4NIST National Vulnerability DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
5.4Palo Alto Networks, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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