CVE-2022-49985

Local privilege escalation via imprecise eBPF range check

Published Jun 18, 2025 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel BPF JIT allows local users to disclose memory or corrupt kernel control flow via a crafted eBPF program. The verifier uses a tnum_range superset for a constant tail-call index, allowing tnum_in to accept an index beyond PROG_ARRAY bounds. Loading the program requires CAP_BPF or enabled unprivileged BPF; a successful trigger can disclose kernel memory, escalate privileges, or panic the host.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Out-of-bounds read in the Linux kernel BPF JIT allows local users to disclose memory or corrupt kernel control flow via a crafted eBPF program. The verifier uses a tnum_range superset for a constant tail-call index, allowing tnum_in to accept an index beyond PROG_ARRAY bounds. Loading the program requires CAP_BPF or enabled unprivileged BPF; a successful trigger can disclose kernel memory, escalate privileges, or panic the host.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-49985
Published
Jun 18, 2025
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-125, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 18, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.5
  2. Affected versionversion=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <4f672112f8665102a5842c170be1713f8ff95919
  3. Affected versionversion=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <a36df92c7ff7ecde2fb362241d0ab024dddd0597
  4. Affected versionversion=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <a657182a5c5150cdfacb6640aad1d2712571a409
  5. Affected versionversion=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <e8979807178434db8ceaa84dfcd44363e71e50bb

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.5; version=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <4f672112f8665102a5842c170be1713f8ff95919; version=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <a36df92c7ff7ecde2fb362241d0ab024dddd0597; version=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <a657182a5c5150cdfacb6640aad1d2712571a409; version=d2e4c1e6c2947269346054ac8937ccfe9e0bcc6b <e8979807178434db8ceaa84dfcd44363e71e50bb

Published CVSS scores

6.4Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.1NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
7.0OracleCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-125Out-of-bounds Read
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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