CVE-2022-49781

Local kernel crash via perf event race

Published May 1, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

A race condition in Linux kernel 5.19 through 6.0.9 on AMD x86 systems allows local users to crash the kernel via perf event throttling. An intervening perf NMI can throttle an unintentionally enabled event after amd_pmu_enable_all checks active_mask, causing x86_pmu_stop to clear cpuc->events[idx] before it is dereferenced. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access, an AMD performance-monitoring event with a very low sampling period, and precisely timed successive NMIs; the documented consequence is a kernel crash.

CVSS severity4.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.11%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

A race condition in Linux kernel 5.19 through 6.0.9 on AMD x86 systems allows local users to crash the kernel via perf event throttling. An intervening perf NMI can throttle an unintentionally enabled event after amd_pmu_enable_all checks active_mask, causing x86_pmu_stop to clear cpuc->events[idx] before it is dereferenced. Exploitation requires local low-privileged access, an AMD performance-monitoring event with a very low sampling period, and precisely timed successive NMIs; the documented consequence is a kernel crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-49781
Published
May 1, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-362, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 1, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.19
  2. Affected versionversion=ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c <baa014b9543c8e5e94f5d15b66abfe60750b8284
  3. Affected versionversion=ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c <fd5e454b856ed86b090336e269695d9908609b71

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.19; version=ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c <baa014b9543c8e5e94f5d15b66abfe60750b8284; version=ada543459cab7f653dcacdaba4011a8bb19c627c <fd5e454b856ed86b090336e269695d9908609b71

Published CVSS scores

5.5Amazon LinuxCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.7UbuntuCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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