CVE-2022-49219

Host denial of service via leaked PCI state

Published Feb 26, 2025 · Updated May 11, 2026

Memory leak in Linux kernel 5.1 through 5.17.1 allows local users with VFIO device access to exhaust host memory via reset IOCTLs. In vfio_pci_set_power_state(), reset IOCTLs return the device to D0 before resume, causing the D3hot-to-D0 path to skip freeing pm_save before it is overwritten. The sequence requires a VFIO-assigned PCI device lacking No_Soft_Reset; repeated D3hot transitions and resets can exhaust host memory and interrupt all workloads.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.26%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Memory leak in Linux kernel 5.1 through 5.17.1 allows local users with VFIO device access to exhaust host memory via reset IOCTLs. In vfio_pci_set_power_state(), reset IOCTLs return the device to D0 before resume, causing the D3hot-to-D0 path to skip freeing pm_save before it is overwritten. The sequence requires a VFIO-assigned PCI device lacking No_Soft_Reset; repeated D3hot transitions and resets can exhaust host memory and interrupt all workloads.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-49219
Published
Feb 26, 2025
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-401, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 26, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=5.1
  2. Affected versionversion=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <26ddd196e9eb264da8e1bdc4df8a94d62581c8b5
  3. Affected versionversion=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <4319f17fb8264ba39352b611dfa913a4d8c1d1a0
  4. Affected versionversion=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <c8a1f8bd586ee31020614b8d48b702ece3e2ae44
  5. Affected versionversion=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <da426ad86027b849b877d4628b277ffbbd2f5325
  6. Affected versionversion=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <eadf88ecf6ac7d6a9f47a76c6055d9a1987a8991

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=5.1; version=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <26ddd196e9eb264da8e1bdc4df8a94d62581c8b5; version=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <4319f17fb8264ba39352b611dfa913a4d8c1d1a0; version=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <c8a1f8bd586ee31020614b8d48b702ece3e2ae44; version=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <da426ad86027b849b877d4628b277ffbbd2f5325; version=51ef3a004b1eb6241e56b3aa8495769a092a4dc2 <eadf88ecf6ac7d6a9f47a76c6055d9a1987a8991

Published CVSS scores

5.5NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-401Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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