CVE-2022-48960

Kernel use-after-free via post-GRO skb dereference

Published Oct 21, 2024 · Updated Aug 5, 2026

Use-after-free in the HIX5HD2 Ethernet receive path in Linux allows adjacent attackers to corrupt kernel memory with crafted traffic. hix5hd2_rx passes an skb to napi_gro_receive(), which can consume and free it, then reads skb->len from the dangling pointer. Reachability requires the HIX5HD2 Gigabit Ethernet driver and traffic from the same Layer 2 segment; triggering can corrupt memory or crash the kernel.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability0.33%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in the HIX5HD2 Ethernet receive path in Linux allows adjacent attackers to corrupt kernel memory with crafted traffic. hix5hd2_rx passes an skb to napi_gro_receive(), which can consume and free it, then reads skb->len from the dangling pointer. Reachability requires the HIX5HD2 Gigabit Ethernet driver and traffic from the same Layer 2 segment; triggering can corrupt memory or crash the kernel.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-48960
Published
Oct 21, 2024
Updated
Aug 5, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-416
Attack vector
adjacent
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Oct 21, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 5, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.16
  2. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <179499e7a240b2ef590f05eb379c810c26bbc8a4
  3. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <1b6360a093ab8969c91a30bb58b753282e2ced4c
  4. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <3a4eddd1cb023a71df4152fcc76092953e6fe95a
  5. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <433c07a13f59856e4585e89e86b7d4cc59348fab
  6. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <8067cd244cea2c332f8326842fd10158fa2cb64f
  7. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <93aaa4bb72e388f6a4887541fd3d18b84f1b5ddc
  8. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <b6307f7a2fc1c5407b6176f2af34a95214a8c262
  9. Affected versionversion=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <b8ce0e6f9f88a6bb49d291498377e61ea27a5387

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectoradjacent
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=3.16; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <179499e7a240b2ef590f05eb379c810c26bbc8a4; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <1b6360a093ab8969c91a30bb58b753282e2ced4c; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <3a4eddd1cb023a71df4152fcc76092953e6fe95a; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <433c07a13f59856e4585e89e86b7d4cc59348fab; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <8067cd244cea2c332f8326842fd10158fa2cb64f; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <93aaa4bb72e388f6a4887541fd3d18b84f1b5ddc; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <b6307f7a2fc1c5407b6176f2af34a95214a8c262; version=57c5bc9ad7d799e9507ba6e993398d2c55f03fab <b8ce0e6f9f88a6bb49d291498377e61ea27a5387

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectoradjacent
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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