CVE-2022-45869

Host crash via unlocked shadow-page zapping

Published Nov 30, 2022 · Updated Apr 24, 2025

Race condition in x86 KVM in the Linux kernel through 6.1-rc6 allows guest OS users to crash or corrupt the host kernel. In direct_page_fault(), make_mmu_pages_available() can run while mmu_lock is held only for reading, allowing nested TDP shadow pages to be zapped without the required write lock. The condition requires nested virtualization and the TDP MMU, and repeated nested-VM activity or large nested TDP SPTE allocations can trigger a host kernel BUG or protection fault.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Race condition in x86 KVM in the Linux kernel through 6.1-rc6 allows guest OS users to crash or corrupt the host kernel. In direct_page_fault(), make_mmu_pages_available() can run while mmu_lock is held only for reading, allowing nested TDP shadow pages to be zapped without the required write lock. The condition requires nested virtualization and the TDP MMU, and repeated nested-VM activity or large nested TDP SPTE allocations can trigger a host kernel BUG or protection fault.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-45869
Published
Nov 30, 2022
Updated
Apr 24, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-362, T1499
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 30, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
5.5CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-362Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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