CVE-2022-45149Network attack vector

Unauthorized actions via exposed course-restore CSRF token

Published Nov 23, 2022 · Updated Apr 25, 2025

CSRF in Moodle LMS 3.9.0 through 3.9.17, 3.11.0 through 3.11.10, and 4.0.0 through 4.0.4 allows remote attackers to act as users. The course-restore redirect places the user's CSRF token in its destination URL while insufficiently validating the HTTP request origin. Exploitation requires a logged-in user who has just restored a course to visit an attacker-controlled page; resulting actions remain limited to that user's Moodle privileges.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.41%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

CSRF in Moodle LMS 3.9.0 through 3.9.17, 3.11.0 through 3.11.10, and 4.0.0 through 4.0.4 allows remote attackers to act as users. The course-restore redirect places the user's CSRF token in its destination URL while insufficiently validating the HTTP request origin. Exploitation requires a logged-in user who has just restored a course to visit an attacker-controlled page; resulting actions remain limited to that user's Moodle privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-45149
Published
Nov 23, 2022
Updated
Apr 25, 2025
Vendor
Moodle
Product
Moodle LMS
Classifications
CWE-352, T1204.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 23, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 25, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Fixed in moodle 4.0.5, moodle 3.11.11, moodle 3.9.18

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Moodle · Moodle LMSversion=Fixed in moodle 4.0.5, moodle 3.11.11, moodle 3.9.18

Published CVSS scores

5.4GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-352Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
T1204.001User Execution: Malicious Link

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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