CVE-2022-45045Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Root command execution via crafted upgrade scripts

Published Dec 1, 2022 · Updated Apr 24, 2025

OS command injection in Xiongmai NVR firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands as root through port 34567. The Sofia service accepts a crafted JSON UpgradeCommand array with attacker-controlled Shell scripts and passes each Script value to system() during an upgrade. Valid device credentials are required, but default or previously disclosed credentials permit opening telnetd and obtaining a root shell.

CVSS severity8.8
High
EPSS probability1.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Xiongmai NVR firmware allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary commands as root through port 34567. The Sofia service accepts a crafted JSON UpgradeCommand array with attacker-controlled Shell scripts and passes each Script value to system() during an upgrade. Valid device credentials are required, but default or previously disclosed credentials permit opening telnetd and obtaining a root shell.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-45045
Published
Dec 1, 2022
Updated
Apr 24, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 1, 2019Exploitation reportedMoobot exploitation of Xiongmai upgrade logic
  2. Nov 1, 2022Exploitation reportedVulnCheck honeypot exploitation
  3. Dec 1, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  4. Apr 24, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

8.8GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059.004Unix Shell

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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