CVE-2022-44797Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Node synchronization denial via premature witness-size rejection

Published Nov 7, 2022 · Updated May 1, 2025

Denial of service in btcd before 0.23.2 allows remote attackers to prevent Bitcoin node synchronization via a crafted block. The wire transaction decoder applies the SegWit v0 witness-item limit before script-version-aware validation, rejecting a valid block whose witness item exceeds 11,000 bytes even though its total size remains within the roughly 4 MB block bound. Network receipt of such a block is sufficient to halt chain synchronization in dependent nodes, including Lightning Labs lnd before 0.15.2-beta; the published behavior interrupts availability without a reported confidentiality or integrity consequence.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Denial of service in btcd before 0.23.2 allows remote attackers to prevent Bitcoin node synchronization via a crafted block. The wire transaction decoder applies the SegWit v0 witness-item limit before script-version-aware validation, rejecting a valid block whose witness item exceeds 11,000 bytes even though its total size remains within the roughly 4 MB block bound. Network receipt of such a block is sufficient to halt chain synchronization in dependent nodes, including Lightning Labs lnd before 0.15.2-beta; the published behavior interrupts availability without a reported confidentiality or integrity consequence.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-44797
Published
Nov 7, 2022
Updated
May 1, 2025
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 7, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 1, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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