CVE-2022-31814Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated root command execution via Host header

Published Sep 5, 2022 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

OS command injection in Netgate pfBlockerNG 2.1.4_26 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root. The DNSBL query in /usr/local/www/pfblockerng/www/index.php interpolates the HTTP Host header into a shell command passed to exec() without shell escaping. No authentication or user interaction is required, but the optional pfBlockerNG package must be installed and its affected web endpoint reachable.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability91.88%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

OS command injection in Netgate pfBlockerNG 2.1.4_26 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands as root. The DNSBL query in /usr/local/www/pfblockerng/www/index.php interpolates the HTTP Host header into a shell command passed to exec() without shell escaping. No authentication or user interaction is required, but the optional pfBlockerNG package must be installed and its affected web endpoint reachable.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-31814
Published
Sep 5, 2022
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Netgate
Product
pfBlockerNG
Classifications
CWE-78, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 5, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.1.4_26

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Netgate · pfBlockerNGversion=2.1.4_26

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo