CVE-2022-31749Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authenticated file read/write via FTP argument injection

Published Jan 27, 2025 · Updated Jan 28, 2025

Argument injection in WatchGuard Fireware OS allows remote authenticated users to read or write files through the SSH CLI. The diagnose and import pac commands pass unsanitized username and password values to ftpget and ftpput through librmisvc.so, letting attacker-supplied delimiters become new arguments. SSH access is required; low-privileged accounts can exfiltrate arbitrary system files, including stored password hashes, while file writes are restricted to /tmp, /pending, and /var/run.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability1.26%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Argument injection in WatchGuard Fireware OS allows remote authenticated users to read or write files through the SSH CLI. The diagnose and import pac commands pass unsanitized username and password values to ftpget and ftpput through librmisvc.so, letting attacker-supplied delimiters become new arguments. SSH access is required; low-privileged accounts can exfiltrate arbitrary system files, including stored password hashes, while file writes are restricted to /tmp, /pending, and /var/run.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-31749
Published
Jan 27, 2025
Updated
Jan 28, 2025
Vendor
WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.
Product
Fireware OS
Classifications
CWE-88, T1005
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 27, 2025CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 28, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0 <12.8.1
  2. Affected versionversion=12.2.x <12.5.x
  3. Affected versionversion=12.5.10
  4. Affected versionversion=12.x <12.1.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

WatchGuard Technologies, Inc. · Fireware OSversion=0 <12.8.1; version=12.2.x <12.5.x; version=12.5.10; version=12.x <12.1.4

Published CVSS scores

6.5WatchGuard Technologies, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-88Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
T1005Data from Local System

Public exploit references

  • Hookfunctional · demonstrated

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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