CVE-2022-31121Network attack vector

Orderer crash via empty consensus message

Published Jul 7, 2022 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

Improper input validation in Hyperledger Fabric before 2.2.7 and 2.3.0 through 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to crash an orderer node. Service.handleMessage treats an empty StepRequest as a consensus request and passes a nil inner message to DispatchConsensus instead of rejecting it. A sender must reach the orderer cluster gRPC service; the resulting process crash interrupts only that ordering node.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability2.03%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper input validation in Hyperledger Fabric before 2.2.7 and 2.3.0 through 2.4.4 allows remote attackers to crash an orderer node. Service.handleMessage treats an empty StepRequest as a consensus request and passes a nil inner message to DispatchConsensus instead of rejecting it. A sender must reach the orderer cluster gRPC service; the resulting process crash interrupts only that ordering node.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-31121
Published
Jul 7, 2022
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
Hyperledger Foundation
Product
Hyperledger Fabric
Classifications
CWE-20, T1499.004
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 7, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 2.2.7
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 2.3.0, < 2.4.5

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Hyperledger Foundation · Hyperledger Fabricversion=< 2.2.7; version=>= 2.3.0, < 2.4.5

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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