CVE-2022-31053Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Arbitrary access via Γ-signature forgery

Published Jun 13, 2022 · Updated Apr 22, 2025

Cryptographic signature verification in Eclipse Biscuit Rust 1.0.0 through 1.1.0 allows remote attackers to forge tokens with arbitrary access. Biscuit specification v1 uses aggregate Γ-signatures vulnerable to a sub-exponential k-sum universal forgery under a key-only attack. Any service accepting v1 Biscuit tokens can treat a forged token as valid, enabling unauthenticated authorization at attacker-chosen privilege levels.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.01%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cryptographic signature verification in Eclipse Biscuit Rust 1.0.0 through 1.1.0 allows remote attackers to forge tokens with arbitrary access. Biscuit specification v1 uses aggregate Γ-signatures vulnerable to a sub-exponential k-sum universal forgery under a key-only attack. Any service accepting v1 Biscuit tokens can treat a forged token as valid, enabling unauthenticated authorization at attacker-chosen privilege levels.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-31053
Published
Jun 13, 2022
Updated
Apr 22, 2025
Vendor
Eclipse Biscuit
Product
Biscuit Rust
Classifications
CWE-347
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jun 13, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 22, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=biscuit-auth >= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0
  2. Affected versionversion=biscuit-haskell = 0.1.1.0
  3. Affected versionversion=com.clever-cloud.biscuit-java < 2.0.0
  4. Affected versionversion=github.com/biscuit-auth/biscuit-go < 2.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Eclipse Biscuit · Biscuit Rustversion=biscuit-auth >= 1.0.0, < 2.0.0; version=biscuit-haskell = 0.1.1.0; version=com.clever-cloud.biscuit-java < 2.0.0; version=github.com/biscuit-auth/biscuit-go < 2.0

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
7.5NIST NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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