CVE-2022-31014Public exploitNetwork attack vector

SMTP command injection via unvalidated iCalendar addresses

Published Jul 5, 2022 · Updated Apr 22, 2025

SMTP command injection in Nextcloud Server before 22.2.8, 23.0.0 through 23.0.4, and 24.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to send email. The CalDAV backend accepts newline-bearing email addresses from iCalendar data without validation and passes them into an authenticated SMTP session. Exploitation requires a low-privileged account, victim interaction, and a compatible SMTP backend; consequences include forged sender identities and attacker-chosen email.

CVSS severity4.1
Medium
EPSS probability2.44%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

SMTP command injection in Nextcloud Server before 22.2.8, 23.0.0 through 23.0.4, and 24.0.0 allows remote authenticated users to send email. The CalDAV backend accepts newline-bearing email addresses from iCalendar data without validation and passes them into an authenticated SMTP session. Exploitation requires a low-privileged account, victim interaction, and a compatible SMTP backend; consequences include forged sender identities and attacker-chosen email.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-31014
Published
Jul 5, 2022
Updated
Apr 22, 2025
Vendor
Nextcloud GmbH
Product
Security Advisories
Classifications
CWE-93, CWE-74, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 5, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 22, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 22.2.8
  2. Affected versionversion=>= 23.0.0, < 23.0.5
  3. Affected versionversion=>= 24.0.0, < 24.0.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Nextcloud GmbH · Security Advisoriesversion=< 22.2.8; version=>= 23.0.0, < 23.0.5; version=>= 24.0.0, < 24.0.1

Published CVSS scores

3.5NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N
3.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
5.4GitHub CNACVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.1GitHub Security AdvisoryCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-93Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CWE-74Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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