CVE-2022-29220Network attack vector

Unauthorized code merges via unverified commit provenance

Published May 31, 2022 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

Improper ownership verification in GitHub Action Merge Dependabot before 3.2.0 allows attackers to merge malicious code through Dependabot PRs. The action trusts the pull request actor name dependabot[bot] without verifying each commit's author, committer, and GitHub signature. Exploitation requires a workflow action that can modify the Dependabot pull request, after which the trusted automation approves and merges the injected commit without maintainer review.

CVSS severity6.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.48%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper ownership verification in GitHub Action Merge Dependabot before 3.2.0 allows attackers to merge malicious code through Dependabot PRs. The action trusts the pull request actor name dependabot[bot] without verifying each commit's author, committer, and GitHub signature. Exploitation requires a workflow action that can modify the Dependabot pull request, after which the trusted automation approves and merges the injected commit without maintainer review.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-29220
Published
May 31, 2022
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
Fastify
Product
GitHub Action Merge Dependabot
Classifications
CWE-345, CWE-283, T1195.001
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 31, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.2.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Fastify · GitHub Action Merge Dependabotversion=< 3.2.0

Published CVSS scores

6.5NIST National Vulnerability DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
4.0NIST National Vulnerability DatabaseAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-345Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
CWE-283Unverified Ownership
T1195.001Compromise Software Dependencies and Development Tools

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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