Object prototype modification via sandboxed code evaluation
Published Dec 21, 2022 · Updated Apr 16, 2025
Prototype pollution in Hacksparrow safe-eval 0.4.1 and earlier allows attackers to modify Object.prototype via evaluated code. The safeEval function passes attacker-controlled JavaScript to vm.runInNewContext, where a proto assignment changes prototype properties shared outside the sandbox. Exploitation requires a consuming Node.js application to pass untrusted code to safeEval; the demonstrated consequence is process-wide object-property manipulation.
Summary
What happened
Prototype pollution in Hacksparrow safe-eval 0.4.1 and earlier allows attackers to modify Object.prototype via evaluated code. The safeEval function passes attacker-controlled JavaScript to vm.runInNewContext, where a proto assignment changes prototype properties shared outside the sandbox. Exploitation requires a consuming Node.js application to pass untrusted code to safeEval; the demonstrated consequence is process-wide object-property manipulation.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2022-25904
- Published
- Dec 21, 2022
- Updated
- Apr 16, 2025
- Vendor
- Hacksparrow
- Product
- safe-eval
- Classifications
- CWE-1321, T1565
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- unauthenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- Dec 21, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- Apr 16, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
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- Affected versionversion=0 <unspecified
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- Object.prototype mutation proof of conceptproof of concept · demonstrated
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Technologies
Your stack
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Your stack
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