CVE-2022-25080Known exploitationPublic exploitNetwork attack vector

Unauthenticated command execution via unsanitized query string

Published Feb 22, 2022 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Command injection in TOTOLINK A830R firmware 5.9c.4729_B20191112 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via HTTP requests. The Main function formats the QUERY_STRING environment value into a command and passes the result directly to system without neutralizing shell metacharacters. No authentication or user interaction is required, and successful exploitation gives control of the router operating system.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability3.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationReported
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Command injection in TOTOLINK A830R firmware 5.9c.4729_B20191112 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via HTTP requests. The Main function formats the QUERY_STRING environment value into a command and passes the result directly to system without neutralizing shell metacharacters. No authentication or user interaction is required, and successful exploitation gives control of the router operating system.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-25080
Published
Feb 22, 2022
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-78, T1059.004, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 20, 2022Exploitation reportedBeastmode Mirai campaign targeting TOTOLINK routers
  2. Feb 22, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  3. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

7.5NIST NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationReported
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-78Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
T1059.004Unix Shell
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Reported exploitation

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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