CVE-2022-23739Network attack vector

Organization privilege escalation via GraphQL authorization bypass

Published Jan 17, 2023 · Updated Apr 8, 2025

Incorrect authorization in GitHub Enterprise Server before 3.7.1 allows remote authenticated users to access organization resources. The GraphQL API accepts a GitHub App's scoped user-to-server token without enforcing the app's granted permissions for non-repository organization resources. An app must already be installed on the organization; it can then access and modify users and organization-wide projects, but not repository-bound resources.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability1.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Incorrect authorization in GitHub Enterprise Server before 3.7.1 allows remote authenticated users to access organization resources. The GraphQL API accepts a GitHub App's scoped user-to-server token without enforcing the app's granted permissions for non-repository organization resources. An app must already be installed on the organization; it can then access and modify users and organization-wide projects, but not repository-bound resources.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23739
Published
Jan 17, 2023
Updated
Apr 8, 2025
Vendor
Twitter
Product
GitHub Enterprise Server
Classifications
CWE-863, T1098
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 17, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 8, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=3.3 <3.3.16
  2. Affected versionversion=3.4 <3.4.11
  3. Affected versionversion=3.5 <3.5.8
  4. Affected versionversion=3.6 <3.6.4
  5. Affected versionversion=3.7 <3.7.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Twitter · GitHub Enterprise Serverversion=3.3 <3.3.16; version=3.4 <3.4.11; version=3.5 <3.5.8; version=3.6 <3.6.4; version=3.7 <3.7.1

Published CVSS scores

9.8CISA-ADPCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-863Incorrect Authorization
T1098Account Manipulation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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