CVE-2022-23646Network attack vector

Content spoofing via unprotected optimized SVG responses

Published Feb 17, 2022 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

UI misrepresentation in Vercel Next.js 10.0.0 through 12.0.10 allows remote attackers to spoof trusted content via crafted SVG images. The default Image Optimization API fetches SVG content from an images.domains host and serves it without restrictive CSP, allowing active content under the application's origin. Exploitation requires the default loader, a configured image host that accepts user-provided SVG files, and a request that passes that file through the optimizer.

CVSS severity5.9
Medium
EPSS probability1.80%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

UI misrepresentation in Vercel Next.js 10.0.0 through 12.0.10 allows remote attackers to spoof trusted content via crafted SVG images. The default Image Optimization API fetches SVG content from an images.domains host and serves it without restrictive CSP, allowing active content under the application's origin. Exploitation requires the default loader, a configured image host that accepts user-provided SVG files, and a request that passes that file through the optimizer.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23646
Published
Feb 17, 2022
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
Vercel
Product
Next.js
Classifications
CWE-451, CAPEC-164, CAPEC-154, CAPEC-98, CAPEC-163, CAPEC-173
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Feb 17, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 10.0.0, < 12.1.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Vercel · Next.jsversion=>= 10.0.0, < 12.1.0

Published CVSS scores

5.9GitHubCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-451User Interface (UI) Misrepresentation of Critical Information
CAPEC-164Mobile Phishing
CAPEC-154Resource Location Spoofing
CAPEC-98Phishing
CAPEC-163Spear Phishing
CAPEC-173Action Spoofing

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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