CVE-2022-23598Network attack vector

Reflected XSS via unescaped validation messages

Published Jan 28, 2022 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

Reflected XSS in Laminas Project laminas-form before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute script via validation error messages. The formElementErrors() view helper joins submitted values from validation messages into generated markup without first applying HTML escaping. Exploitation requires a victim to open a response reflecting attacker-controlled invalid form input, and the resulting script executes in the application's origin.

CVSS severity6.1
Medium
EPSS probability0.99%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Reflected XSS in Laminas Project laminas-form before 3.1.1 allows remote attackers to execute script via validation error messages. The formElementErrors() view helper joins submitted values from validation messages into generated markup without first applying HTML escaping. Exploitation requires a victim to open a response reflecting attacker-controlled invalid form input, and the resulting script executes in the application's origin.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23598
Published
Jan 28, 2022
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
Laminas Project
Product
laminas-form
Classifications
CWE-79, T1059.007
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 28, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 3.1.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Laminas Project · laminas-formversion=< 3.1.1

Published CVSS scores

6.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
4.3NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1059.007Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript/JScript

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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