CVE-2022-23519Network attack vector

Cross-site scripting via unsafe tag combinations

Published Dec 14, 2022 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Cross-site scripting in Rails rails-html-sanitizer before 1.4.4 allows remote attackers to execute script through crafted HTML. Rails::Html::SafeListSanitizer returns attacker-controlled executable markup instead of neutralizing it when style is allowlisted with math or svg. An application must override the allowed tags with one of those combinations; successful exploitation runs script in the browser of a user who views the sanitized content.

CVSS severity7.2
High
EPSS probability0.99%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site scripting in Rails rails-html-sanitizer before 1.4.4 allows remote attackers to execute script through crafted HTML. Rails::Html::SafeListSanitizer returns attacker-controlled executable markup instead of neutralizing it when style is allowlisted with math or svg. An application must override the allowed tags with one of those combinations; successful exploitation runs script in the browser of a user who views the sanitized content.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23519
Published
Dec 14, 2022
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
Rails
Product
rails-html-sanitizer
Classifications
CWE-79, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 14, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.4.4

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Rails · rails-html-sanitizerversion=< 1.4.4

Published CVSS scores

6.1NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
7.2GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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