CVE-2022-23507Network attack vector

Cross-chain header acceptance via missing chain-ID check

Published Dec 15, 2022 · Updated Apr 18, 2025

Improper signature verification in Informal Systems tendermint-rs before 0.28.0 allows remote attackers to accept untrusted-chain headers. The light-client verifier omitted the trusted chain ID and therefore never compared it with the untrusted header's chain ID. Exploitation requires a foreign-chain header satisfying every other verification condition, including sufficient overlapping validator signatures; no live-network proof of concept is reported.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.30%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper signature verification in Informal Systems tendermint-rs before 0.28.0 allows remote attackers to accept untrusted-chain headers. The light-client verifier omitted the trusted chain ID and therefore never compared it with the untrusted header's chain ID. Exploitation requires a foreign-chain header satisfying every other verification condition, including sufficient overlapping validator signatures; no live-network proof of concept is reported.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23507
Published
Dec 15, 2022
Updated
Apr 18, 2025
Vendor
Informal Systems
Product
tendermint-rs
Classifications
CWE-347
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 15, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 18, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=0.28.0

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Informal Systems · tendermint-rsversion=0.28.0

Published CVSS scores

5.4GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
6.5NISTCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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