CVE-2022-23495Network attack vector

Process crash via unencodable ProtoNode state

Published Dec 8, 2022 · Updated Apr 23, 2025

Denial of service in IPFS go-merkledag 0.4.0 through 0.8.0 allows remote attackers to crash consuming processes via crafted DAG-PB data. ProtoNode modifiers accept invalid link sizes, undefined hashes, or unusable CID builders, leaving state that later re-encoding cannot serialize. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled values into those modifiers; affected calls then panic instead of returning an encoding error.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability1.25%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Denial of service in IPFS go-merkledag 0.4.0 through 0.8.0 allows remote attackers to crash consuming processes via crafted DAG-PB data. ProtoNode modifiers accept invalid link sizes, undefined hashes, or unusable CID builders, leaving state that later re-encoding cannot serialize. Exploitation requires a consuming application to pass attacker-controlled values into those modifiers; affected calls then panic instead of returning an encoding error.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-23495
Published
Dec 8, 2022
Updated
Apr 23, 2025
Vendor
IPFS
Product
go-merkledag
Classifications
CWE-252, CWE-755, T1499
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Dec 8, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Apr 23, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=>= 0.4.0, < 0.8.1

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

IPFS · go-merkledagversion=>= 0.4.0, < 0.8.1

Published CVSS scores

7.5GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-252Unchecked Return Value
CWE-755Improper Handling of Exceptional Conditions
T1499Endpoint Denial of Service

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo