CVE-2022-21978

Domain privilege escalation by local administrators

Published May 10, 2022 · Updated Jan 2, 2025

Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 CU23, 2016 CU22-CU23, and 2019 CU11-CU12 allows local users to gain domain control. Microsoft has not disclosed the flawed component or operation, but its checker distinguishes the vulnerable state through an Active Directory ACE or MESO container version. Exploitation requires high Exchange privileges; successful use crosses the security boundary to Domain Administrator rights.

CVSS severity8.2
High
EPSS probability0.84%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Elevation of privilege in Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 CU23, 2016 CU22-CU23, and 2019 CU11-CU12 allows local users to gain domain control. Microsoft has not disclosed the flawed component or operation, but its checker distinguishes the vulnerable state through an Active Directory ACE or MESO container version. Exploitation requires high Exchange privileges; successful use crosses the security boundary to Domain Administrator rights.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-21978
Published
May 10, 2022
Updated
Jan 2, 2025
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 12
Classifications
T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
admin

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 10, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Jan 2, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=15.02.0 <15.02.1118.009

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesadmin

What is affected?

Microsoft · Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 12version=15.02.0 <15.02.1118.009
Microsoft · Microsoft Exchange Server 2013 Cumulative Update 23version=15.00.0 <15.00.1497.36
Microsoft · Microsoft Exchange Server 2019 Cumulative Update 11version=15.02.0 <15.02.0986.026
Microsoft · Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 23version=15.01.0 <15.01.2507.009
Microsoft · Microsoft Exchange Server 2016 Cumulative Update 22version=15.0.0 <15.01.2375.028

Published CVSS scores

7.2NIST NVDAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
8.2Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesadmin
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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