CVE-2022-21449Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Authentication bypass via zero-valued ECDSA signatures

Published Apr 19, 2022 · Updated Sep 24, 2024

ECDSA signature verification in Oracle Java SE 17.0.2 and 18 allows remote attackers to forge signatures with zero-valued inputs. The Java Libraries verifier omits required range checks for the ECDSA r and s values, so an encoded signature with both values set to zero validates against any message and public key. Exploitation requires an application or sandbox that relies on the affected verifier, enabling authentication bypass or unauthorized data modification.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability60.34%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

ECDSA signature verification in Oracle Java SE 17.0.2 and 18 allows remote attackers to forge signatures with zero-valued inputs. The Java Libraries verifier omits required range checks for the ECDSA r and s values, so an encoded signature with both values set to zero validates against any message and public key. Exploitation requires an application or sandbox that relies on the affected verifier, enabling authentication bypass or unauthorized data modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-21449
Published
Apr 19, 2022
Updated
Sep 24, 2024
Vendor
Oracle Corporation
Product
Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE)
Classifications
CWE-347, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 19, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 24, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:21.3.1
  2. Affected versionversion=Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:22.0.0.2
  3. Affected versionversion=Oracle Java SE:17.0.2
  4. Affected versionversion=Oracle Java SE:18

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Oracle Corporation · Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE)version=Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:21.3.1; version=Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition:22.0.0.2; version=Oracle Java SE:17.0.2; version=Oracle Java SE:18

Published CVSS scores

7.5Oracle CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-347Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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