CVE-2022-1274Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Phishing email injection via unchecked action names

Published Mar 29, 2023 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

HTML injection in Red Hat Keycloak before 20.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to send phishing links in account-action emails. The execute-actions-email endpoint accepts unregistered required-action names, and the email template renders those names as HTML without neutralizing special characters. Access to the Admin REST API and a configured outbound mail server are required; a recipient who follows the injected link is redirected to an attacker-selected site.

CVSS severity5.4
Medium
EPSS probability0.70%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

HTML injection in Red Hat Keycloak before 20.0.5 allows remote authenticated users to send phishing links in account-action emails. The execute-actions-email endpoint accepts unregistered required-action names, and the email template renders those names as HTML without neutralizing special characters. Access to the Admin REST API and a configured outbound mail server are required; a recipient who follows the injected link is redirected to an attacker-selected site.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-1274
Published
Mar 29, 2023
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Red Hat
Product
Red Hat build of Keycloak
Classifications
CWE-80, CWE-79, T1566.002
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Mar 29, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unknown

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Red Hat · Red Hat build of Keycloakversion=unknown

Published CVSS scores

5.4NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-80Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1566.002Spearphishing Link

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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