CVE-2022-0413Public exploit

Code execution via recursive substitute use-after-free

Published Jan 30, 2022 · Updated Aug 2, 2024

Use-after-free in Vim before 8.2.4253 allows local users to execute code or crash the editor by opening a crafted file. The ex_substitute function retains expression-substitution text that a recursive replacement function can free, then uses the stale allocation instead of preserving a copy. Exploitation requires a user to open attacker-controlled content that invokes the recursive substitution path; memory corruption remains within the Vim process but can execute code with that user's privileges.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability1.39%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Vim before 8.2.4253 allows local users to execute code or crash the editor by opening a crafted file. The ex_substitute function retains expression-substitution text that a recursive replacement function can free, then uses the stale allocation instead of preserving a copy. Exploitation requires a user to open attacker-controlled content that invokes the recursive substitution path; memory corruption remains within the Vim process but can execute code with that user's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2022-0413
Published
Jan 30, 2022
Updated
Aug 2, 2024
Vendor
Vim
Product
Vim
Classifications
CWE-416, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 30, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 2, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <8.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Vim · Vimversion=unspecified <8.2

Published CVSS scores

7.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.8NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
8.4huntr.devCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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