CVE-2021-47276

Kernel panic via invalid ftrace address read

Published May 21, 2024 · Updated May 11, 2026

Improper reference resolution in affected Linux kernel builds allows local users to panic arm64 systems through ftrace initialization errors. The ftrace_bug() error path dereferences the failed patch site directly after ftrace_init() returns EINVAL, even when the address is invalid. Reachability requires local low-privileged access and an arm64 ftrace initialization failure; the bounded consequence is a host crash.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.24%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Improper reference resolution in affected Linux kernel builds allows local users to panic arm64 systems through ftrace initialization errors. The ftrace_bug() error path dereferences the failed patch site directly after ftrace_init() returns EINVAL, even when the address is invalid. Reachability requires local low-privileged access and an arm64 ftrace initialization failure; the bounded consequence is a host crash.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-47276
Published
May 21, 2024
Updated
May 11, 2026
Vendor
The Linux Kernel Organization
Product
Linux
Classifications
CWE-706, T1499.004
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 21, 2024CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. May 11, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <0bc62e398bbd9e600959e610def5109957437b28
  2. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <3e4ddeb68751fb4fb657199aed9cfd5d02796875
  3. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <4aedc2bc2b32c93555f47c95610efb89cc1ec09b
  4. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <6c14133d2d3f768e0a35128faac8aa6ed4815051
  5. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <7e4e824b109f1d41ccf223fbb0565d877d6223a2
  6. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <862dcc14f2803c556bdd73b43c27b023fafce2fb
  7. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <97524384762c1fb9b3ded931498dd2047bd0de81
  8. Affected versionversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <acf671ba79c1feccc3ec7cfdcffead4efcec49e7
  9. Affected versionversion=2.6.28

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

The Linux Kernel Organization · Linuxversion=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <0bc62e398bbd9e600959e610def5109957437b28; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <3e4ddeb68751fb4fb657199aed9cfd5d02796875; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <4aedc2bc2b32c93555f47c95610efb89cc1ec09b; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <6c14133d2d3f768e0a35128faac8aa6ed4815051; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <7e4e824b109f1d41ccf223fbb0565d877d6223a2; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <862dcc14f2803c556bdd73b43c27b023fafce2fb; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <97524384762c1fb9b3ded931498dd2047bd0de81; version=05736a427f7e16be948ccbf39782bd3a6ae16b14 <acf671ba79c1feccc3ec7cfdcffead4efcec49e7; version=2.6.28

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-706Use of Incorrectly-Resolved Name or Reference
T1499.004Application or System Exploitation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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