CVE-2021-46048Public exploit

wasm-opt crash via exception-target assertion failure

Published Jan 7, 2022 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

Reachable assertion in WebAssembly Binaryen 104 allows context-dependent attackers to crash wasm-opt via a crafted WebAssembly file. WasmBinaryBuilder::readFunctions asserts that exceptionTargetNames is empty instead of rejecting a malformed module, causing SIGABRT when the check fails. Exploitation requires user interaction with the crafted file and terminates only the current wasm-opt process.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.70%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
Coverage for this vulnerability

See if you're affected

Explore vulnerability checks for your environment with Hinoki.

Book a demo

Summary

What happened

Reachable assertion in WebAssembly Binaryen 104 allows context-dependent attackers to crash wasm-opt via a crafted WebAssembly file. WasmBinaryBuilder::readFunctions asserts that exceptionTargetNames is empty instead of rejecting a malformed module, causing SIGABRT when the check fails. Exploitation requires user interaction with the crafted file and terminates only the current wasm-opt process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-46048
Published
Jan 7, 2022
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-617, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 7, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.3NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-617Reachable Assertion
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

  • POC7.zipproof of concept · demonstrated

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

See the directory against your own environment.

Your stack

Check the software in your environment

Book a demo to see how Hinoki identifies affected software and validates exploitability in your environment.

Book a demo