CVE-2021-45029Network attack vector

Unauthenticated code execution via expression evaluation

Published Jan 25, 2022 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

Code injection in Apache ShenYu 2.4.0 through 2.4.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted rule conditions. GroovyPredicateJudge directly evaluates condition parameters as Groovy code, while SpELPredicateJudge parses them as SpEL without filtering dangerous expressions. Exploitation requires a configured selector or rule using Groovy or SpEL and grants code execution in the gateway process.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability6.03%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Code injection in Apache ShenYu 2.4.0 through 2.4.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code through crafted rule conditions. GroovyPredicateJudge directly evaluates condition parameters as Groovy code, while SpELPredicateJudge parses them as SpEL without filtering dangerous expressions. Exploitation requires a configured selector or rule using Groovy or SpEL and grants code execution in the gateway process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-45029
Published
Jan 25, 2022
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache ShenYu
Classifications
CWE-94, T1059
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 25, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=Apache ShenYu (incubating) <2.4.2

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache ShenYuversion=Apache ShenYu (incubating) <2.4.2

Published CVSS scores

7.5NIST NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
9.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-94Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
T1059Command and Scripting Interpreter

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

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Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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