CVE-2021-44975Public exploit

Process crash via oversized Mach-O section reads

Published May 24, 2022 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

Heap buffer overflow in radare2 5.5.2 allows context-dependent attackers to crash the process via a crafted Mach-O binary. In objc_build_refs, r_io_read_at copies attacker-controlled ss_selrefs or ss_const bytes into a buffer capped at the smaller file size. Exploitation requires radare2 to analyze the file; the demonstrated result is an AddressSanitizer-detected abort, with no reported data disclosure or modification.

CVSS severity5.5
Medium
EPSS probability0.97%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap buffer overflow in radare2 5.5.2 allows context-dependent attackers to crash the process via a crafted Mach-O binary. In objc_build_refs, r_io_read_at copies attacker-controlled ss_selrefs or ss_const bytes into a buffer capped at the smaller file size. Exploitation requires radare2 to analyze the file; the demonstrated result is an AddressSanitizer-detected abort, with no reported data disclosure or modification.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-44975
Published
May 24, 2022
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-119, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 24, 2022CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
4.3NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:N/I:N/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-119Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
T1204.002Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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