CVE-2021-42282Network attack vector

Service impersonation via duplicate principal names

Published Nov 10, 2021 · Updated Aug 19, 2026

Privilege escalation in Active Directory Domain Services on affected Windows Server builds allows remote authenticated users to impersonate services. Active Directory permits nonadministrators to assign duplicate UPNs, SPNs, or alias-equivalent SPNs instead of enforcing forest-wide uniqueness. A domain account with attribute-write rights can redirect Kerberos authentication to a controlled computer, enabling service impersonation and resulting access.

CVSS severity7.5
High
EPSS probability4.17%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Privilege escalation in Active Directory Domain Services on affected Windows Server builds allows remote authenticated users to impersonate services. Active Directory permits nonadministrators to assign duplicate UPNs, SPNs, or alias-equivalent SPNs instead of enforcing forest-wide uniqueness. A domain account with attribute-write rights can redirect Kerberos authentication to a controlled computer, enabling service impersonation and resulting access.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-42282
Published
Nov 10, 2021
Updated
Aug 19, 2026
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows Server 2019
Classifications
CWE-269, T1557
Attack vector
network
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 10, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 19, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.2300

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows Server 2019version=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.2300
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.4770
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation)version=6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.23517
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012version=6.2.9200.0 <6.2.9200.23517
Microsoft · Windows Server, version 2004version=10.0.0 <10.0.19041.1348
Microsoft · Windows Server 2016version=10.0.14393.0 <10.0.14393.4770
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1version=6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.25769
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation)version=6.1.7601.0 <6.1.7601.25769
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation)version=6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.20174
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.17763.0 <10.0.17763.2300
Microsoft · Windows Server version 20H2version=10.0.0 <10.0.19041.1348
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2version=6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.21282
Microsoft · Windows Server 2022version=10.0.20348.0 <10.0.20348.350
Microsoft · Windows Server 2012 R2version=6.3.9600.0 <6.3.9600.20174
Microsoft · Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation)version=6.0.6003.0 <6.0.6003.21282

Published CVSS scores

7.5MicrosoftCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
6.5NVDAV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:P/A:P
8.8NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-269Improper Privilege Management
T1557Adversary-in-the-Middle

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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