CVE-2021-41374Public exploit

Kernel-address disclosure via unchecked GPIO line offsets

Published Nov 10, 2021 · Updated Aug 19, 2026

Information disclosure in Microsoft Azure Sphere before 22.07 allows local users to infer kernel-memory addresses via a crafted GPIO ioctl. The GPIO_SET_PIN_CONFIG_IOCTL path fails to validate each lineoffsets index before dereferencing gdev->descs, turning return codes into a 32-bit equality oracle. A device-resident application with manifest-granted GPIO access can locate kernel structures, including its credential structure; no direct memory read is exposed.

CVSS severity6.7
Medium
EPSS probability0.73%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Information disclosure in Microsoft Azure Sphere before 22.07 allows local users to infer kernel-memory addresses via a crafted GPIO ioctl. The GPIO_SET_PIN_CONFIG_IOCTL path fails to validate each lineoffsets index before dereferencing gdev->descs, turning return codes into a 32-bit equality oracle. A device-resident application with manifest-granted GPIO access can locate kernel structures, including its credential structure; no direct memory read is exposed.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-41374
Published
Nov 10, 2021
Updated
Aug 19, 2026
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Azure Sphere
Classifications
CWE-129, CAPEC-100
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 10, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 19, 2026Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=20.00 <22.07

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Azure Sphereversion=20.00 <22.07

Published CVSS scores

2.1NIST NVDAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
6.7Cisco TalosCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
5.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
6.7Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-129Improper Validation of Array Index
CAPEC-100Overflow Buffers

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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