CVE-2021-41249Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Browser code execution via unescaped schema type names

Published Nov 4, 2021 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

Cross-site scripting in GraphQL Playground before 1.7.28 allows remote attackers to run JavaScript through a malicious schema. The operation-autocomplete component inserts GraphQL type names from introspection responses into innerHTML without escaping them. A user must load an attacker-controlled schema, such as by opening a crafted endpoint link; the script then runs in the browser and can exfiltrate credentials.

CVSS severity7.1
High
EPSS probability1.22%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cross-site scripting in GraphQL Playground before 1.7.28 allows remote attackers to run JavaScript through a malicious schema. The operation-autocomplete component inserts GraphQL type names from introspection responses into innerHTML without escaping them. A user must load an attacker-controlled schema, such as by opening a crafted endpoint link; the script then runs in the browser and can exfiltrate credentials.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-41249
Published
Nov 4, 2021
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
GraphQL Foundation
Product
GraphQL Playground
Classifications
CWE-79, T1203
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Nov 4, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=< 1.7.28

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

GraphQL Foundation · GraphQL Playgroundversion=< 1.7.28

Published CVSS scores

4.7NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
7.1GitHub, Inc.CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
2.6NIST NVDAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-79Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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