CVE-2021-40530Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Plaintext recovery via undersized ElGamal exponents

Published Sep 6, 2021 · Updated Aug 4, 2024

Cryptographic weakness in Crypto++ 8.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to recover plaintext from cross-configuration OpenPGP ciphertexts. The ElGamal implementation sizes sender ephemeral exponents from a generic work estimate rather than the receiver subgroup order, producing weak parameter combinations. Exploitation requires cross-library OpenPGP operation with the dangerous prime, generator, and exponent combination, and it exposes encrypted message contents.

CVSS severity5.9
Medium
EPSS probability1.16%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Cryptographic weakness in Crypto++ 8.5 and earlier allows remote attackers to recover plaintext from cross-configuration OpenPGP ciphertexts. The ElGamal implementation sizes sender ephemeral exponents from a generic work estimate rather than the receiver subgroup order, producing weak parameter combinations. Exploitation requires cross-library OpenPGP operation with the dangerous prime, generator, and exponent combination, and it exposes encrypted message contents.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-40530
Published
Sep 6, 2021
Updated
Aug 4, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-327
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 6, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 4, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

5.9NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
2.6NIST NVDAV:N/AC:H/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-327Use of a Broken or Risky Cryptographic Algorithm

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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