CVE-2021-39863Public exploit

Code execution via mixed-encoding URL concatenation

Published Sep 29, 2021 · Updated Sep 17, 2024

Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC allows remote attackers to execute code after a victim opens a crafted PDF. In IA32.api URL construction, the concatenation routine treats an ANSI relative URL as Unicode and copies each source byte twice past the allocated heap buffer. The victim must open a malicious PDF with embedded JavaScript, and successful exploitation runs code with the victim's privileges.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability13.19%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap-based buffer overflow in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC allows remote attackers to execute code after a victim opens a crafted PDF. In IA32.api URL construction, the concatenation routine treats an ANSI relative URL as Unicode and copies each source byte twice past the allocated heap buffer. The victim must open a malicious PDF with embedded JavaScript, and successful exploitation runs code with the victim's privileges.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-39863
Published
Sep 29, 2021
Updated
Sep 17, 2024
Vendor
Adobe
Product
Adobe Acrobat Reader
Classifications
CWE-122, T1203, T1204.002
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 29, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

Compare your product and version with the public record. A matching version still requires validation against your environment.

Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=17.0-Classic 2021 July
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=20.0-Classic 2021 July
  3. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=DC 2021 July
  4. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=None

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Adobe · Adobe Acrobat Readerversion=unspecified <=17.0-Classic 2021 July; version=unspecified <=20.0-Classic 2021 July; version=unspecified <=DC 2021 July; version=unspecified <=None

Published CVSS scores

6.8NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
7.8AdobeCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-122Heap-based Buffer Overflow
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution
T1204.002User Execution: Malicious File

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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