CVE-2021-39842

Arbitrary code execution via AcroForm use-after-free

Published Sep 29, 2021 · Updated Sep 17, 2024

Use-after-free in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC through July 2021 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code when a user opens a malicious file. The AcroForm buttonGetCaption action can reference freed memory while processing crafted PDF content, enabling execution in the current user's context. Exploitation requires a victim to open the attacker-supplied document; the record does not require prior authentication, and impact is bounded by the current user's permissions.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability17.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC through July 2021 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code when a user opens a malicious file. The AcroForm buttonGetCaption action can reference freed memory while processing crafted PDF content, enabling execution in the current user's context. Exploitation requires a victim to open the attacker-supplied document; the record does not require prior authentication, and impact is bounded by the current user's permissions.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-39842
Published
Sep 29, 2021
Updated
Sep 17, 2024
Vendor
Adobe
Product
Adobe Acrobat Reader
Classifications
CWE-416, T1566.001
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 29, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 17, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=17.0-Classic 2021 July
  2. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=20.0-Classic 2021 July
  3. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=DC 2021 July
  4. Affected versionversion=unspecified <=None

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Adobe · Adobe Acrobat Readerversion=unspecified <=17.0-Classic 2021 July; version=unspecified <=20.0-Classic 2021 July; version=unspecified <=DC 2021 July; version=unspecified <=None

Published CVSS scores

7.8Adobe Systems IncorporatedCVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-416Use After Free
T1566.001Spearphishing Attachment

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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