CVE-2021-32824Public exploitNetwork attack vector

Pre-auth code execution via unchecked bean realization

Published Jan 3, 2023 · Updated Mar 10, 2025

Deserialization in Apache Dubbo before 2.6.10 and 2.7.0 through 2.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute code via Telnet invoke. The unauthenticated invoke handler passes FastJson-decoded argument maps to PojoUtils.realize, which instantiates attacker-named classes and invokes their setters. A reachable Dubbo service port and a suitable class on the application classpath are required; successful exploitation runs arbitrary Java code in the provider process.

CVSS severity9.8
Critical
EPSS probability2.82%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Deserialization in Apache Dubbo before 2.6.10 and 2.7.0 through 2.7.9 allows remote attackers to execute code via Telnet invoke. The unauthenticated invoke handler passes FastJson-decoded argument maps to PojoUtils.realize, which instantiates attacker-named classes and invokes their setters. A reachable Dubbo service port and a suitable class on the application classpath are required; successful exploitation runs arbitrary Java code in the provider process.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-32824
Published
Jan 3, 2023
Updated
Mar 10, 2025
Vendor
The Apache Software Foundation
Product
Apache Dubbo
Classifications
CWE-502, T1190
Attack vector
network
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jan 3, 2023CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Mar 10, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=2.6.10 <2.6.10
  2. Affected versionversion=2.7.0 <2.7.0*
  3. Affected versionversion=2.7.10 <2.7.10

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectornetwork
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

The Apache Software Foundation · Apache Dubboversion=2.6.10 <2.6.10; version=2.7.0 <2.7.0*; version=2.7.10 <2.7.10

Published CVSS scores

9.8GitHub Advisory DatabaseCVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectornetwork
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-502Deserialization of Untrusted Data
T1190Exploit Public-Facing Application

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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