CVE-2021-31404

Security-token disclosure via nonconstant UIDL comparison

Published Apr 23, 2021 · Updated Sep 16, 2024

Observable timing discrepancy in affected Vaadin Flow Server releases allows attackers to infer security tokens through UIDL requests. VaadinService.isCsrfTokenValid compares the supplied token with String.equals, so rejection time varies with matching input. Exploitation requires repeated timing measurements and yields blind data submission or access to user-specific WebSocket publications.

CVSS severity2.5
Low
EPSS probability0.21%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Observable timing discrepancy in affected Vaadin Flow Server releases allows attackers to infer security tokens through UIDL requests. VaadinService.isCsrfTokenValid compares the supplied token with String.equals, so rejection time varies with matching input. Exploitation requires repeated timing measurements and yields blind data submission or access to user-specific WebSocket publications.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-31404
Published
Apr 23, 2021
Updated
Sep 16, 2024
Vendor
Vaadin
Product
Flow Server
Classifications
CWE-203, CWE-208
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 23, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Sep 16, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=1.0.0 <* changes=[{"at":"1.1.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"2.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"2.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"3.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"5.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"5.0.0","status":"affected"}]

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Vaadin · Flow Serverversion=1.0.0 <* changes=[{"at":"1.1.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"2.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"2.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"3.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"5.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"5.0.0","status":"affected"}]
Vaadin · Vaadin Frameworkversion=10.0.0 <* changes=[{"at":"11.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"14.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"14.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"15.0.0","status":"affected"},{"at":"18.0.0","status":"unaffected"},{"at":"18.0.0","status":"affected"}]

Published CVSS scores

1.9NIST NVDAV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:N/A:N
2.5NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
4.0Vaadin Ltd.CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 9, 2026Sep 15, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 15, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-203Observable Discrepancy
CWE-208Observable Timing Discrepancy

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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