CVE-2021-30681

Local root escalation via inadequate symlink validation

Published Sep 8, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Symlink validation failure in Apple Core Services before iOS and iPadOS 14.6 and macOS Big Sur 11.4 allows local users to gain root privileges. Apple identifies Core Services as the affected component and says its symlink handling lacked adequate validation, but it does not disclose the specific privileged operation. Exploitation requires a malicious application to run locally; successful exploitation grants root privileges on the device.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability1.03%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Symlink validation failure in Apple Core Services before iOS and iPadOS 14.6 and macOS Big Sur 11.4 allows local users to gain root privileges. Apple identifies Core Services as the affected component and says its symlink handling lacked adequate validation, but it does not disclose the specific privileged operation. Exploitation requires a malicious application to run locally; successful exploitation grants root privileges on the device.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-30681
Published
Sep 8, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Apple
Product
iOS and iPadOS
Classifications
CWE-20, T1404, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Sep 8, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=unspecified <14.6

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Apple · iOS and iPadOSversion=unspecified <14.6
Apple · macOSversion=unspecified <11.4; version=unspecified <2021; version=unspecified <7.5

Published CVSS scores

7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitUnconfirmed

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-20Improper Input Validation
T1404Exploitation for Privilege Escalation
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

No public exploit references are available in this record.

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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