CVE-2021-30498Public exploit

Memory corruption via TGA header null terminators

Published May 26, 2021 · Updated Nov 3, 2025

Heap buffer overflow in libcaca master allows context-dependent attackers to corrupt memory when an application exports a canvas as TGA. The export_tga function allocates exactly the declared output size, then uses sprintf for one-byte header fields whose unused null terminators write past the heap buffer. A user must run an application path that invokes TGA export; the published proof of concept produces a one-byte overwrite and process abort, while code execution is not demonstrated.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability1.35%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Heap buffer overflow in libcaca master allows context-dependent attackers to corrupt memory when an application exports a canvas as TGA. The export_tga function allocates exactly the declared output size, then uses sprintf for one-byte header fields whose unused null terminators write past the heap buffer. A user must run an application path that invokes TGA export; the published proof of concept produces a one-byte overwrite and process abort, while code execution is not demonstrated.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-30498
Published
May 26, 2021
Updated
Nov 3, 2025
Vendor
Caca Labs
Product
libcaca
Classifications
CWE-787, T1203
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. May 26, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Nov 3, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

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  1. Affected versionversion=master

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Caca Labs · libcacaversion=master

Published CVSS scores

6.8NIST NVDAV:N/AC:M/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P
7.8NIST NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

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No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-787Out-of-bounds Write
T1203Exploitation for Client Execution

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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