CVE-2021-29657Public exploit

Host MSR access bypass via VMCB12 double fetch

Published Jul 22, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Use-after-free in Linux kernel KVM before 5.11.12 allows guest OS users on AMD hosts to bypass host MSR access controls. nested_svm_vmrun double-fetches the guest-controlled VMCB12, allowing a concurrent nested VMRUN to free an MSR permission bitmap still in use and corrupt the saved host state. Exploitation requires AMD KVM with nested guests and winning the TOCTOU race; successful exploitation grants unrestricted access to host MSRs.

CVSS severity7.4
High
EPSS probability0.42%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Use-after-free in Linux kernel KVM before 5.11.12 allows guest OS users on AMD hosts to bypass host MSR access controls. nested_svm_vmrun double-fetches the guest-controlled VMCB12, allowing a concurrent nested VMRUN to free an MSR permission bitmap still in use and corrupt the saved host state. Exploitation requires AMD KVM with nested guests and winning the TOCTOU race; successful exploitation grants unrestricted access to host MSRs.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-29657
Published
Jul 22, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Unknown vendor
Product
Unknown product
Classifications
CWE-367, CWE-416, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
unauthenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Jul 22, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Affected buildAffected product and version details are unavailable.

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesunauthenticated

What is affected?

Affected products and versions are unavailable in this record.

Published CVSS scores

6.9NVDAV:L/AC:M/Au:N/C:C/I:C/A:C
7.4NVDCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesunauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-367Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
CWE-416Use After Free
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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