Remote command execution via unsafe object reconstruction
Published May 28, 2021 · Updated May 29, 2025
Deserialization in XStream 1.4.16 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute host commands through a crafted input stream. During unmarshalling, XStream trusts embedded type information and instantiates attacker-selected Java object graphs whose gadget chain executes a local command. The flaw affects out-of-the-box instances with an uninitialized security framework; a minimal type whitelist blocks the documented chain.
Summary
What happened
Deserialization in XStream 1.4.16 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute host commands through a crafted input stream. During unmarshalling, XStream trusts embedded type information and instantiates attacker-selected Java object graphs whose gadget chain executes a local command. The flaw affects out-of-the-box instances with an uninitialized security framework; a minimal type whitelist blocks the documented chain.
The record
- CVE
- CVE-2021-29505
- Published
- May 28, 2021
- Updated
- May 29, 2025
- Vendor
- XStream
- Product
- XStream
- Classifications
- CWE-94, CWE-502
- Attack vector
- network
- Privileges
- authenticated
Timeline
How it unfolded
- May 28, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
- May 29, 2025Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.
Exploitability
Present is not the same as exploitable
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Is a vulnerable build present?
Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.
- Affected versionversion=< 1.4.17
What conditions does exploitation require?
What is affected?
Published CVSS scores
CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.
Attacks
What attackers are doing with it
Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.
Weakness, pattern, technique
Public exploit references
- XStream maintainer reproduction payloadproof of concept · demonstrated
Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.
Technologies
Your stack
See the directory against your own environment.
Your stack
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