CVE-2021-28321Public exploit

Local privilege escalation via case-sensitive junction bypass

Published Apr 13, 2021 · Updated Aug 3, 2024

Privilege escalation in Microsoft Diagnostics Hub Standard Collector Service allows local users to delete arbitrary protected files. DiagnosticsHub.StandardCollector.Runtime.dll compares a resolved scratch path with untrusted input using case-insensitive wcsnicmp, allowing a case-sensitive NTFS directory and junction swap to redirect recursive deletion. A low-privileged local account can reach the DCOM class; exploitation requires per-directory case sensitivity, available through WSL, Docker Desktop, or explicit configuration.

CVSS severity7.8
High
EPSS probability1.28%
Next 30 days · Sep 16, 2026
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Based on sourced intelligence
Hinoki checkNot available
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Summary

What happened

Privilege escalation in Microsoft Diagnostics Hub Standard Collector Service allows local users to delete arbitrary protected files. DiagnosticsHub.StandardCollector.Runtime.dll compares a resolved scratch path with untrusted input using case-insensitive wcsnicmp, allowing a case-sensitive NTFS directory and junction swap to redirect recursive deletion. A low-privileged local account can reach the DCOM class; exploitation requires per-directory case sensitivity, available through WSL, Docker Desktop, or explicit configuration.

The record

CVE
CVE-2021-28321
Published
Apr 13, 2021
Updated
Aug 3, 2024
Vendor
Microsoft
Product
Windows Server 2019
Classifications
CWE-59, T1068
Attack vector
local
Privileges
authenticated

Timeline

How it unfolded

  1. Apr 13, 2021CVE publishedPublication date reported by the CVE source.
  2. Aug 3, 2024Record updatedLatest update available in the CVE record.

Exploitability

Present is not the same as exploitable

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Is a vulnerable build present?

Compare these published version ranges with your installed build and any vendor patches.

  1. Affected versionversion=10.0.0 <publication

What conditions does exploitation require?

Attack vectorlocal
Required privilegesauthenticated

What is affected?

Microsoft · Windows Server 2019version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1909version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1803version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 version 16.7version=16.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Microsoft Visual Studio 2015version=14.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server, version 2004version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 20H2version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 version 16.4version=16.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server version 20H2version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Microsoft Visual Studio 2017version=15.9.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 2004version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Microsoft Visual Studio 2019 version 16.9version=15.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 1809version=10.0.0 <publication
Microsoft · Windows Server, version 1909 (Server Core installation)version=10.0.0 <publication

Published CVSS scores

7.8Microsoft CorporationCVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
4.6NIST NVDAV:L/AC:L/Au:N/C:P/I:P/A:P

CVSS describes severity. EPSS estimates exploitation probability.

Attacks

What attackers are doing with it

Daily unique IPs observed by Shadowserver honeypots for known exploited vulnerabilities (KEVs). Missing observations do not establish an absence of attacks.

Daily unique IPsNo honeypot observations are available for this CVE in the selected window.

No observations available

Sep 10, 2026Sep 16, 2026
Latest reporting daySep 16, 2026
Latest daily unique IPsUnavailable
Prior 30-day averageUnavailable
SourceShadowserver honeypots (KEV)
Vectorlocal
Privilegesauthenticated
Known exploitationUnconfirmed
Public exploitPublished

Weakness, pattern, technique

CWE-59Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
T1068Exploitation for Privilege Escalation

Public exploit references

Labels summarize the accepted research assessment. They do not indicate a test against your environment.

Technologies

Your stack

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Your stack

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